Chemistry Study Material

1.What do you call an atom that has more protons than electrons?     A.a molecule     B an isotope     C.an anion     D.a cation. Answer :-a cation Explane :-If an atom has more protons than electrons, it has a net positive charge. This is a cation, which you can remember because the "t" in cation resembles a "+" sign for positive. 2.A drop of food coloring spreading out in a cup of water is an example of which transport process?   A.Diffusion     B.Osmosis     C.Vapor Pressure     D.Effusion     Answer :-Diffusion Explane :-Food coloring dispersing in water is an example of diffusion. Osmosis involves water, but there has to be a semipermeable membrane, too.  3.A mole contains Avogadro's number of items. What is Avogadro's number? A.6023 B.6.023 x 10^23 C.6.02 x 10^-23 D.3 x 10^8 Answer :-6.023x10^23 Explane :-Avogadro's number i s huge! The reason chemists use 6.02 x 10^23 to define a unit is t

1.Three of the most common states of matter are solids, liquids, and gases. A liquid has: A.a defined volume, but not a defined shape B.a definite shape, but no defined volume C.a definite volume and shape D.no defined volume or shape Answer :-A defined volume,but not a defined shape Explane :-A liquid takes the shape of its container (no defined shape), but has a fairly constant volume (at least compared to a gas). The state of matter of a substances is due to the kinetic energy of its components. With enough energy, atoms and molecules are less strongly bound to each other. Detail study - Solid state-csirugcnetstudymaterial.blogspot.com/2018/02/crystal-system-and-lattices.html

1.Which of the following readicals have pyramidal shape (I) CH3 (II) CF3 (III) CD3 (IV) ⧊ (a) I, II (b) I, II, IV (c) III, IV (d) II and IV 2. Spin trapping technique is used for detection of (a) carbonium ion (b) Free radical (c) Benzyne (d) Carbanion 3.Correct order of stability of free radicals (I-IV) is (I) H2C CH CH2 • (II) Me2CH • (III) Ph • (IV) Ph3C • (a) I > IV > II > III (b) IV > I > III > II (c) IV > III > I > II (d) IV > I > II > III

Oxyacid , any oxygen -containing acid . Most covalent nonmetallic oxides react with water to form acidic oxides; that is, they react with water to form oxyacids that yield hydronium ions (H 3 O + ) in solution. There are some exceptions, such as carbon monoxide , CO, nitrous oxide , N 2 O, and nitric oxide , NO. The strength of an oxyacid is defined by the extent to which it dissociates in water (i.e., its ability to form H + ions). In general, the relative strength of oxyacids can be predicted on the basis of the electronegativity and oxidation number of the central nonmetal atom . The acid strength increases as the electronegativity of the central atom increases. For example, because the electronegativity of chlorine (Cl) is greater than that of sulfur (S), which is in turn greater than that of phosphorus (P), it can be predicted that perchloric acid, HClO 4 , is a stronger acid than sulfuric acid , H 2 SO 4 , which should be a stronger acid than phosphoric acid , H 3